Wk12_English Renaissance 3

 

The printing press:    Dr. Gutenburg was a goldsmith who first invented the printing press, when monks were copying a bunch of books by hand it would take them months and even years to get finished with one book. and that made books super expensive an rare.

Toilets: Sir John Harrington, godson to Queen Elizabeth, made the first flush toilet for himself and his godmother in 1596. He was teased by his friends and never made another one                 although he and Queen Elizabeth continued to use the one he made.Two hundred years later Alexander Cummings reinvented the flush toilet more commonly called the water closet. Cummings invented the strap. The strap was a sliding valve between the bowl and Water trap. Two years later in 1777 Samuel Prosser got  a patent for a plunger closet. A year later Joseph Bramah invented a valve at the bottom of the bowl that worked on a hinge.

Wallpaper: In 1496 the first paper mill was made in England. English artist soon make wallpaper decorated with hand painted designs, stencils, and wood-block prints. For the next 200 years England was a large producer of wallpaper for Europe. Before wallpaper was invented only the wealthy people could afforded to decorate the wall of their castles. They used woven tapestries. The tapestries kept the cold castle walls warmer. The designs woven into the tapestries told stories. The lower class hung cheaper painted cloth imitations for the walls of their homes.


http://www.buzzle.com/articles/renaissance-inventions.html <-- where i got alot of this good stuff:)

Wk12_English Renaissance 2

 

"If Botticelli were alive today, he'd be working for Vogue."
Peter Ustinov, English actor and writer

The dominant art forms of the English Renaissance were literature and music. Painters were experimenting with new techniques, both in the medium--the refinement of oil paints for example--and style, especially in the discovery of the principles of perspective. Their social status and role changed with the emergence of new patrons amongst the nobility and the rising merchant class. Artists learned from classical arts, they tried to perfect the greatest painters, even before their time. In literature and music, England saw an extraordinary power of genius during the Renaissance. but all of the great painters that were in england were imported from somewhere else all of the kings from Holbein under Henry VIII to Reubens and Van Dyck under Charles I. England was not really that good with visual arts but with writing and music they were unstoppable, and til this day in schools we study their amazing works of art, and make movies about them or their stories, poems or songs. We still bring them up occasionally, and they are syill so very famous.

There are many famous writers from england just as:

Authors:

Chapman, George

Coverdale, Miles.
Tyndale, William.
Bacon, Sir Francis.
Lyly, John.

More, Sir Thomas.
Sidney, Sir Philip.  

Playwrights:
Beaumont, Francis.
Dekker, Thomas
Fletcher, John
Ford, John
Heywood, Thomas
Jonson, Ben
Kyd, Thomas
Lyly, John
Marlowe, Christopher
Massinger, Philip
Middleton, Thomas

Shakespeare, William.
Webster, John. 

Poets:

Daniel, Samuel 
Lodge, Thomas

Shakespeare, William
Sidney, Sir Philip

Skelton, John
Spenser, Edmund
Wyatt, Sir Thomas

Wk12_English Renaissance 1

 

The Catholic Church during the early Middle Ages had a much more relaxed attitude towards the wedding ceremony. They would just exchange vows like, "will you marry me?" and that was it. they would sometimes be married at a parent's home, or even a tavern, where vows and gifts would be exchanged. Then after they were married they would go to the church so a clergy would bless their marriage. The Renaissance brought more control over the ceremony were issued that only marriages performed with a church official present would be declared valid. Nuptial Masses made Sunday the traditional wedding day. A Nuptial Mass is highly recommended for a marriage when both parties are Catholic. It is allowed if at least one of the parties is Catholic. Since the non-Catholic party may not receive Holy Communion, many pastors discourage a Nuptial Mass unless both people or one are Catholic. once they were in the church the men would go Left and the girls were on the right. The women were blessed only once in their whole life and if they were at the age to bare a child. It is to prepare the bride for her new life. 

www.luminarium.org/renlit/renaissanceinfo.htm <-- here is the web site i mostly used it has alot of useful information.

Medieval Torture.

The Medieval Times was violent and blood thirsty time in history. That is why most of their contraptions were harsh and profound. they started off with the brutal hanging of a person or cutting off their head in broad daylight in front of the towns people. then they tried a more "humane" kind of killing, still in the public's view, was the guillotine. Way more efficient that a guard with an unsteady hand and a dull axe, and if they were too miss they just keep chopping.  They also burned people at the stake, and drowned them if they were accused of being a witch. no we just have a lethal injection that costs millions of dollars, so they die "peacefully".

Here are other types of torture devices:
 The Rack Torture - The rack is commonly referred as the most painful medieval torture of them all.
The Water Torture - There were many ways to punish a victim with the use of water. This article explains the most common forms of such torture.
The Rat Torture - Rats were used for torture. They were free, available and painful if known how to use.
Coffin Torture - The coffin torture - a very cruel medieval device where the victim was locked for hours or longer.
Exposure - A terrible torture that was often deadly. The exposure was a method used all around medieval Europe. The sentence depended on the crime.
if you click on the name of the torture device it will bring you to a picture:)

Medieval Sports.

Sports in the Medieval Times were a test of man hood, survival of the fittest. They thought very highly of manliness. Eight weeks out of the year were dedicated to jousting or soccer like game, they compete to see what one man is the best out of them all. They would even take work off just to play and or watch the games. It is just like today, how people would take off work, say they are sick, or go on a vacation halfway around the world to watch the Olympics. Also how basketball players go to a slam dunk competition and at the end they get the glory of a name and a trophy, But more like the Tapout or MMA fighters. They base their skills and talents on fighting skills. A Knight who proved valiant in battle or was successful at jousting in tournaments would become wealthy. His wealth could pay for a castle, maids and butlers, People to wait on them. He would be like a king but not that powerful. If a peasant would fight and win, it would be like winning the lottery, he would be respected his lord would look at him in a whole new perspective. His whole life would have turned all the way around. The really big sporting events were the Tournaments and the Jousts. These sports were dangerous, men were killed at tournaments. Training was essential for the Knights who participated in these sports. Archery was not just one of the medieval sports of the Middle Ages. Lower Class men were required to practice archery by law. The first Medieval Archery Law was passed in 1252 when all Englishmen, 15 to 60 years old, were ordered, to equip themselves with a bow and arrows

Medieval Medicine.

Medieval medicine was kinda hard to tell if it was for witchcraft or rituals. The Catholic Church played a large role in development as well as management of medieval medicine. the Church's dogma turned more towards the philosophy that humanity in fact is damned but God has provided for man to sustain himself through the proper use of nature. Eventually, the Catholic religion would take over the medical aspects of the society providing sources for the rituals during healing as well as ethical values to guide the physicians. To this day we still look to god and medicine, both, to heal us. Greeks and Romans had done a great deal of work in the field of medicine, little of their knowledge made it through to the medieval times. A generally poor understanding of the body, a population explosion and unsanitary conditions in many medieval cities, made sickness and illnesses quite common. The worse illness was the black plague, “black death”. The problem was that everything was unsanitary and everyone was oblivious to the spread of infection. Not surprisingly, medical treatment from trained healers was primarily available to the wealthy, many times consisting of herbal remedies. Humors are complex surgeries such as brain surgery or the cataract removals were sometimes performed. Other medical practitioners were folk healers, monks and even saints. Women often practiced as healers, though later their role was prohibited. Hospitals first appeared during medieval times, after the jousting competitions or the fights of the knights and the peasants.